Chełmno - Grudziądzka Gate (a.k.a. "Bramka")
von Alexander Jensko
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Panorama-Foto von:
Alexander Jensko
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Chełmno - Grudziądzka Gate (a.k.a. "Bramka") |
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The Grudziądzka street is the town's pedestrial zone. The Gate, commonly known as "Bramka", is part of the medieval city walls which surround whole city, preserved almost as a whole, with watch towers. All the town gates but the Grudziądzka have been dismounted in the past. Until early 1970s, the whole traffic between the Market (Rynek) and the adjacent villages to the East was going through this gate. Even trucks and busses had to pass it. Today, the gate is part of Chelmno's pedestrian zone. The gate contains also a Holy Mary Chapel. There is a Pieta on the east wall.
The Grudziądzka Gate is part of the medieval city walls which surround whole city, preserved almost a...
The Nowe Planty park in Chelmno, created 1834 in the former town moat. Close to the almost completely...
The Nowe Planty park in Chelmno, created 1834 in the former town moat. Close to the almost completely...
One of the most picturesque corners of Chełmno. The Studzienna (Polish for Fountain Street) is a pede...
One of the most picturesque corners of Chełmno. The Studzienna (Polish for Fountain Street) is a ped...
Hidden pieces of art in a backyard of Grudziadzka street in Chelmno, Poland. Apparently a street cafe...
One of the most picturesque corners of Chełmno. The Studzienna (Polish for Fountain Street) is a pe...
The Nowe Planty park in Chełmno, created 1834 in the former town moat. Close to the almost completely...
The Nowe Planty park in Chełmno, created 1834 in the former town moat. Close to the almost completely...
The Peter and Paul Church, former Church of the Dominican Order, in Chelmno/Kulm in the North of Pola...
Europe is generally agreed to be the birthplace of western culture, including such legendary innovations as the democratic nation-state, football and tomato sauce.
The word Europe comes from the Greek goddess Europa, who was kidnapped by Zeus and plunked down on the island of Crete. Europa gradually changed from referring to mainland Greece until it extended finally to include Norway and Russia.
Don't be confused that Europe is called a continent without looking like an island, the way the other continents do. It's okay. The Ural mountains have steadily been there to divide Europe from Asia for the last 250 million years. Russia technically inhabits "Eurasia".
Europe is presently uniting into one political and economic zone with a common currency called the Euro. The European Union originated in 1993 and is now composed of 27 member states. Its headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium.
Do not confuse the EU with the Council of Europe, which has 47 member states and dates to 1949. These two bodies share the same flag, national anthem, and mission of integrating Europe. The headquarters of the Council are located in Strasbourg, France, and it is most famous for its European Court of Human Rights.
In spite of these two bodies, there is still no single Constitution or set of laws applying to all the countries of Europe. Debate rages over the role of the EU in regards to national sovereignty. As of January 2009, the Lisbon Treaty is the closest thing to a European Constitution, yet it has not been approved by all the EU states.
Text by Steve Smith.
