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Northern Battery,Battery for the12cm rapid-fire cannon -- OKUNOSHIMA Island - The remains of an old gun battery and the remains of a poison gas
Japan

Northern Battery

These are the remains of the morthem battery in the Okuno-jima bulwark of the Geiyo Fortress,installed in 1902 before the Russo-Japanese War. Three batteries - the North, Middle and South - were indtalled on Okuno-jima Island and a total 22 cannons were emplaced there.

The northern battery was outfitted with a searchlight control station,observation post,battery for the 12cm rapid-fire cannon,battery for the 24cm cannon,storehouse beside the battery,underground battacks and power station.

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OKUNOSHIMA Island is now known as the "Rabbit Breeding Island". And many tourists visit for the rabbit.However, about 110 years ago (1902-1924),  a fortress was installed on this island.

The role of this island as a fortress ended in 1924.However, in 1929, a poison gas production plant will be set up on the island. And many poisonous gases were produced until 1944. The main products were blister agment,yperite and lewisite,whici cause blistering when contacted with skin.Annual production was 1500tons and it is said that a total of 6616tond were produced over the 15years of active production. These poisonous gases were used in battles fought on the Chinese mainland and caused great damage to the Chinese people.(The use of poisonous gas was "prohibited during the war" even in international treaties at that time.) The Japanese workers who produced the poison gas also suffered serious health problems and many died. Survivors of the workforce at the time are still suffering from severe after-effects to this day.

Immediately after the end of the war, the poison gas production facilities on Okuno Island were first destroyed by the Japanese. This was done in order to conceal the fact that poison gas was being produced. In addition, the American and British troops who occupied Japan destroyed and detoxified the facilities.

After the war, Japan's production and use of poison gas was prosecuted by the Tokyo Tribunal.However, it was exonerated by the US military.When Japan's poisonous gas was a problem, the US military itself was afraid that it would not be possible to research and use poisonous gas.

The Americans were planning to use poison gas in the event of an invasion of the Japanese mainland.

OKUNOSHIMA Island should be remembered as a place of "Negative Heritage". But,due to the destruction after the end of the war, there are almost no poison gas production facilities left on the island. Apart from the ruins of the few remaining warehouses, all that remains is the site of the gun emplacements, the remains of the power station, which had nothing to do with the production of poison gas, and the museum, which displays the few remaining production tools and materials.

Ōkunoshima(Wikipedia) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Ckunoshima

北部砲台跡

ここは日露戦争が始まる前の1902年(明治35年)に設置された芸予要塞の大久野島堡塁北部砲台の跡。大久野島島内には北部/中部・南部の三か所の砲台が設置され、合計22門の大砲が置かれていました。

北部砲台は、照明所、観測所、12cm速射加農砲の砲台、24cm加農砲の砲台、砲側庫、地下兵舎、発電機関舎で構成されていた。

-・-・-・-・-・-・-・-・-・-・-・-・-・-・

大久野島は、現在は「ウサギの繁殖する島」として知られている。そして、ウサギを目当てに多くの観光客が訪れる。しかし今から110年ほど前(1902~1924)、この島は要塞の島だった。

この島の要塞としての役割は1924年に終わった。しかし、1929年に、この島に毒ガスの製造工場が設置される。そして、1944年までの間に多くの毒ガスが製造された。主な製品はイペリットとルイサイトで、いずれもびらん性ガスと呼ばれ、皮膚をただれさせる性質を持ち、年間生産量は多い時には1500トンに及び、製造機(15年間)の総生産量は6616トンといわれている。これらの毒ガスは中国大陸で行われた戦闘で使用され、中国の人々に多大な被害を与えた。(毒ガスの使用は当時の国際条約でも「戦時の使用を禁止」されていたが、製造・保持までは禁止していなかった。)

また、毒ガスの製造にあたって軍はほとんど洗脳的に「毒ガスの意義」を従業者に植え付けていた。従業者には次のように教えていたという。

「その障害は致死的ではなく、敵の戦闘能力を低下させる為のものであり、敵だからと言って強いて殺すのではない。通常兵器の様に流血の惨事を引き起こさず障害も傷みやその苦痛度が低い。極めて人道的である。」

(『化学兵器の理論と実際』陸軍技術本部 1936年)

このことが「嘘」だったことは従業者が身をもって知ることになる。島全体に刺激性の強い毒ガスが充満していたといい、防護服に身を固めても必ず被毒してしまう。事務員や診療所の看護婦さえも被毒したという。当時の工員の生存者は現在に至るまで深刻な後遺症に苦しんでいる。

戦争が終わった直後、大久野島の毒ガス製造施設は、まず日本軍による破壊が行われた。毒ガス製造の事実を隠蔽するためである。さらに、日本を占領したアメリカ軍およびイギリス軍による施設の破壊および無毒化が行われた。

戦後、日本の毒ガス製造および使用は東京裁判で告発された。しかし、それはアメリカ軍によって免訴された。日本の毒ガスを問題とすると、アメリカ軍自身が毒ガスの研究、使用が出来なくなることを恐れたためであった。もし、戦争が長引いてアメリカ軍が日本本土に侵攻した際には、アメリカ軍は毒ガスを使用することを予定していたという。

大久野島は「負の遺産」として記憶されるべき場所だ。終戦後の破壊の為、いま島には毒ガス製造施設の多くは残っていない。しかし、僅かに残ったいくつかの倉庫の廃墟や、森の中にある貯蔵タンクの台座の他は、砲台の址と毒ガス製造には直接のかかわりのない発電所の遺構、そしてわずかに残った製造器具及び資料を展示した資料館などで当時をしのぶことができる。

Copyright: Bibouroku Tabito
Type: Spherical
Resolution: 10956x5478
Taken: 05/08/2019
上传: 13/09/2021
观看次数:

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Tags: japan; hirosima; okunoshima island
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