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Caergwrle Castle was built by Dafydd ap Gruffudd, the brother of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (Llywelyn the Last), between 1278 and 1282, on land given to him as a reward by King Edward I. It is the last ever castle to be built by a native Welsh prince.
Dafydd's loyalty to the English king was short-lived and he used the fortress as a base to attack an English garrison in 1282. The rebellion failed with both Dafydd and Caergwrle being captured. He was later executed, becoming the first prominent person in recorded history to have been hanged, drawn and quartered. With that, native rule in Wales came to a permanent end.
In 1283, the castle was ravaged by a great fire. This devalued it as a military asset, leading to its decline and eventual abandonment.
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Wales (Cymru in the Welsh language) is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The major cities are Cardiff, Swansea, Newport and Bangor. The city of St. Davids is the smallest city in the UK with a population around 2000. Wales itself has a population of around 3 million. The Welsh language is spoken by around 20% of the population.
