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宏伟、壮丽的长城是中国古代劳动人民的一项伟大创造。西汉时，中原王朝为了对外抗御匈奴骚扰，加强边塞建设，对内安定百姓生活，巩固中央集权，以加强同中亚、西亚各国的贸易和友好往来，由令居（今永登）开始，经河西走廊张掖、额济纳旗、金塔、嘉峪关、玉门、安西等地，到敦煌西湖的马迷土建起了长城。并将“亭”（烽隧）、“障”（较大的城堡和烽火台）修至盐泽（今罗布泊）楼兰故国。这便是汉长城。
Old is Yongzhou Gansu provincial capital Lanzhou. Located in the upper Yellow River, located in the geographical center of China, between latitude 32 ° 31 '~ 42 ° 57', longitude 92 ° 13 '~ 108 ° 46' between. It is the east, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Sichuan controlled South, West Hill Xinjiang, brief Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, is the ancient Silk Road of the key sections of land and gold, and with the Mongolian border, it was like a magnificent gem, set in central China the Loess Plateau, Qinghai and Inner Mongolia plateau, something more than 1,600 kilometers meandering, aspect 453,700 square kilometers, accounting for 4.72% of the total area. Population 26 million (968 million in 1949), Han, Hui, Tibetan, Dongxiang, Yugu, Baoan, Mongolian, Kazak, Tu, Salar, Manchu and other ethnic groups. Among them, the Dongxiang, Yugur, Bonan is a minority of Gansu.
