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Horyu-ji Temple Saiin Garan (Western Precinct) Ⅱ
Japan

法隆寺西院は、左右対称を排した独特な伽藍配置で知られている。しかも、左右非対称ながら絶妙なバランスに保たれていることが賞賛の対象となっている。

西院伽藍は「世界最古の木造建築群」なのだが、北側にある大講堂とその左右に伸びる北側の回廊、鐘楼、経蔵は金堂などに比べ時代が下る。そして建築様式も多くの点で異なっている。

もともと西院伽藍ができた当初は、廻廊が大講堂の前で閉じており、大講堂は廻廊の外にあったという。大講堂が火災で焼失し、平安期に再建された際に現在の形になった。(なお、経蔵は奈良時代、鐘楼は平安時代の建築)

もし、当初のままで廻廊が大講堂の前で閉じていたとしたら、この空間はもっと窮屈なものだったのかもしれない。その点で現在の配置は大変開放感のあるものだと思う。だが、廻廊が大講堂の前で閉じていたということを、どのように考えたらよいのだろうか。

廻廊の中にあるのが金堂と五重塔だけだったと考えてみる。金堂は本尊をお祀りするための建物で神聖な建物、五重塔は仏舎利を奉納するためのもので、これもまた神聖な建物。それに対して大講堂は僧侶たちの勉学の場だから、いくらか世俗的な方向にシフトしている。つまり金堂と五重塔のみを廻廊で囲んでいたとしたら、その空間は現在みられる形よりも格段に神聖な空間としての意味合いが大きかったように思える。現在の大講堂を金堂・五重塔と同じ空間に取り込んだ配置は、金堂・五重塔の地位の変化や考え方の変化を内包しているようだ。

Copyright: Bibouroku Tabito
Type: Spherical
Resolution: 10596x5298
Taken: 08/11/2013
Uploaded: 26/11/2013
Published: 27/11/2013
Views:

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Tags: japan; horyuji; world heritage; nara; temple
More About Japan

The eight islands of Japan sprang into existence through Divine Intervention.The first two gods who came into existence were Izanagi no Mikoto and Izanami no Mikoto, the Exalted Male and Exalted Female. It was their job to make the land for people to live on.They went to the bridge between heaven and earth and, using a jewel-encrusted halberd, Izanagi and Izanami churned up the sea into a frothy foam. As salty drips of water fell from the tip of the halberd the first island was formed. Its name was Onogoro.So far, so good. But when Izanagi and Izanami first met on their island, Izanami spoke to Isanagi without being spoken to first. Since she was the female, and this was improper, their first union created badly-formed offspring who were sent off into the sea in boats.The next time they met, Izanagi was sure to speak first, ensuring the proper rules were followed, and this time they produced eight children, which became the islands of Japan.I'm sure you did not fail to miss the significance of this myth for the establishment of Japanese formal society.At present, Japan is the financial capital of Asia. It has the second largest economy in the world and the largest metropolitan area (Tokyo.)Technically there are three thousand islands making up the Japanese archipelago. Izanagi and Izanami must have been busy little devils with their jewelled halberd...Japan's culture is highly technical and organized. Everything sparkles and swooshes on silent, miniaturized mechanisms.They're a world leader in robotics, and the Japanese have the longest life-expectancy on earth.Text by Steve Smith.


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